Treatment table No. 5: characteristics, varieties, menu

Over time, subtypes of this diet have formed. They are prescribed for the treatment of the liver against the background of other diseases of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), after surgical interventions on the stomach and gall bladder, and also to eliminate the symptoms of pancreatitis.

Unites all varieties of diet No. 5 (table number 5) the need for sparing the digestive tract.

Indications

The fifth table is recommended for inflammatory diseases of the liver and gall bladder, impaired outflow and the formation of bile, cirrhosis. Typically, the diet is prescribed in remission or in the chronic course of the pathological process. But it is possible to prescribe with an exacerbation of the underlying disease - immediately after the improvement of the patient's condition, that is, in the recovery phase.

The peculiarity of the use of the diet for cirrhosis is that liver function should be preserved. With the development of organ failure, the type of nutrition under discussion is no longer relevant. Due to the ability to stimulate bile formation and accelerate the outflow of secretion from the bladder, the table can be prescribed in the treatment of the formation of bile calculi.

Subspecies of the diet have completely different indications.

• No. 5a. Designed for patients suffering from acute cholecystitis or hepatitis. Also suitable for the period of exacerbation of chronic pathologies of the liver and gall bladder.
• No. 5l / f. Lipotropic-fatty variant of nutrition, used for congestion in the gallbladder, but without the risk of obstruction of the ducts with calculi and with preserved, but weak peristalsis of the ducts.
• Number 5p. A variant of diet food intended for use as part of the complex therapy of chronic pancreatitis. Provides a sparing mode of operation for the pancreas and stomach.
• No. 5p. It is used in rehabilitation medicine, especially often after removing part of the stomach. Provides soft saturation of the body with the necessary amount of nutrients without stimulating the digestive tract.
• No. 5 This is a special mild dietary regimen used in postcholecystectomy syndrome. As a rule, he is accompanied by diseases of the stomach and intestines, so the diet is designed to relieve inflammation and normalize the work of all sections of the digestive tract.

Operating principle

The purpose of the fifth table: to create optimal conditions for the restoration of liver cells and normalization of gallbladder function. At the same time, the production of digestive juices is not stimulated to prevent the deterioration of the digestive tract as a whole. Chemical rest is created for the detoxification organ. At the same time, it is important to maintain normal bile secretion, which is achieved by consuming enough fiber.

Recovery of hepatocytes occurs due to saturation of the diet with phospholipids and amino acids, as well as ensuring a stable level of glycogen while maintaining the amount of carbohydrates.The secondary objective of the diet is to provide the body with a sufficient amount of nutrients with a reduced intake of difficult to digest fats.

In general, medical diet No. 5 provides:

• restoration of the liver structure;
• improving the detoxification function of the body;
• normalization of the synthesis and excretion of bile;
• reduction in the absorption of harmful cholesterol;
• normalization of the secretory function of the entire digestive tract.

The purposes of the fifth table options are as follows.

• No. 5a. Designed to reduce the load on the gall bladder and liver cells during exacerbation of the underlying pathology. This is due to a decrease in the amount of secretion stimulants used, irritants (spices, animal and vegetable fats).
• No. 5 l / f. Designed to facilitate the outflow of bile, but eliminates the stimulation of the secretory function of the digestive tract. The effect is achieved by increasing the content of lipids of different densities in the diet and reducing the amount of sugar and its derivatives.
• No. 5p. The main goal is to reduce the load on the pancreas by reducing caloric intake due to fatty foods and sharply limiting stimulants of secretory activity (fried foods, spices, extractive foods, fiber).
• No. 5p. It is designed to protect the gastric mucosa from irritation after surgery, therefore it eliminates chemical and mechanical irritants, includes dishes of soft consistency without the ability to stimulate the secretion of juice.
• No. 5 A diet with a reduced calorie content, designed to create the conditions for the maximum possible absorption of nutrients in case of malabsorption. Provides minimal congestion of the gastrointestinal tract, therefore, reduces the symptoms of concomitant diseases.

General characteristics of the diet

The diet provides for regular meals at the same time. It is important to avoid long time intervals between meals. The best option is up to five tables per day.

Food is steamed, boiled, stewed. Permissible light baking in the oven (without the formation of hard crusts). Food and drink should have a neutral temperature (be warm). Cold and hot are prohibited. Also, a prerequisite for following a diet is drinking enough water per day. Norm - 2 l. Drink in small portions on an empty stomach, as well as in between meals. But you can not drink food.

Up to 80 g per day limits the ability to consume fats. At the same time, modern nutritionists recommend that about 20% of them be left to the share of lipid-containing products of animal origin. And the rest should be replaced with plant lungs, which are easily absorbed by the body and do not cause cholesterol jumps. Amount of other substances:

• carbohydrates - 400 g;
• animal protein - 45 g;
• vegetable protein - 45 g.

Caloric intake of the daily diet can reach 2800 kcal. This indicator may vary depending on the individual needs and lifestyle of the patient. It is important to keep a moderate amount of servings to ensure proper digestion of food. The menu should include methionine, glutamic acid and be deprived of oxalic acid, as well as purine compounds.

Allowed Products

Drinks allowed on the diet in question should not be acidic. Fruit drinks and jelly, as well as teas and compotes, are best prepared using the xylitol sweetener. It is acceptable to use sweetened black tea mixed with milk. Fruits in compotes must be ground to obtain a homogeneous substance. The best dessert option is fruit jelly. The list of basic “right” products is as follows.

• First meal. Consume daily.Vegetable-based soups with a minimum amount of peas andbarley, lean borscht. You can light milk soup with pasta. It is important to grind vegetable dishes until a homogeneous substance is obtained.
• Second courses. They eat every day, but in moderation. You can porridge from buckwheat, oatmeal, millet groats, rice, semolina. Wheat derivatives (couscous, bulgur) are prepared. Macaroni is better to choose high-quality, from durum wheat. Porridge is boiled on the water. The addition of 50% nonfat milk is allowed, but infrequently.
• Meat, fish, eggs. This is the basis of a daily diet. Allowed to eat lean chicken, rabbit, turkey, beef, lean pork. Recommended low-fat varieties of river and sea fish, seafood. You can have protein omelet, hard boiled egg protein. It is permissible to add half the yolk to the composition of any dish. The meat is steamed and baked in a chopped form (without skin). All dishes (pilaf, dumplings, cabbage rolls) should be low-fat. Fish is cooked in a piece. Eat only freshly prepared seafood.
• Milk products. Consume daily. Low-fat sour cream and cottage cheese are recommended. You can milk and kefir with a fat content of up to 2%, as well as nonfat yogurt without additives. Cottage cheese can be used for cooking cheesecakes, lazy dumplings, cheesecakes. Sour cream is allowed to season dishes.
• Vegetables. Eat every day. Suitable: potato, bell pepper, avocado, cauliflower, beetroot, pumpkin, carrots, zucchini, tomatoes, herbs and salads of any kind. All are used in finished form (after boiling, baking, steaming).
• Fruits. Eat once a day. You can apples, bananas, watermelons, melon, papaya. Solid fruits are used as mashed potatoes.

It is allowed moderate consumption of snacks: soaked herring, aspic based on fish, vegetable salads in oil, vinaigrettes, salads with boiled meat, squash and vegetable caviar. A moderate amount of sweets is also allowed. For example, marmalade, homemade jam, Turkish delight, marshmallow, marshmallow. A day you can eat one gingerbread without additives, it is possible to use biscuit cookies. You can eat dill and parsley (a little bit). Allowed a small amount of vanillin, soy sauce, as well as all milk and sour cream sauces without the addition of hot spices.

Prohibited Products

The main ban, while observing the fifth, concerns fatty foods:

• fatty meats and fish;
• sausages;
• semi-finished products;
• butter baking;
• cream desserts;
• canned meat and fish.

Theoretically, milk sausages and cooked sausages should be allowed on the diet. In fact, they can only be used if the quality leaves no doubt.

Also, the diet prohibits fatty dairy products, including sour cream, fermented baked milk, cottage cheese, cream. The amount of butter is reduced to 30 g per day as part of dishes. From cereals should sharply limit the use of cornpearl barley. Beans, lentils, all bitter and aromatic vegetables and root vegetables (radish, radish, horseradish, rhubarb) are not allowed.

Menu example

It is more convenient to plan the menu, focusing on an example.

• Breakfast. You can use steam meatballs with rice, cutlets. As a side dish - semolina, rice porridge, oatmeal, boiled buckwheat. A good breakfast is a combination of porridge and cottage cheese with the addition of honey, several nuts. As an invigorating drink, you can only black tea.
• Dinner. Daily it will be a vegetable soup. It can be supplemented with meat roll, boiled, steam or baked chicken.
• Dinner. Options: baked or boiled fish, protein omelet, mashed potatoes, cottage cheese, vegetable cutlets.

The treatment table No. 5 is prescribed for a period of five days to five weeks or more. On the first day or two, doctors observe the patient. If the diet is well tolerated, it can be recommended until a complete recovery or achievement of a stable remission of a chronic disease. In the presence of chronic forms of liver diseases, the patient can independently follow a diet for a month several times a year (to prevent exacerbations). It is important even after leaving the diet to adhere to its basic principles.

Reviews

My doctor prescribed this diet for me. I was diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome and, as an indication, they recommended a special diet. This diet has its pros and cons.

On the positive side, I will attribute the fact that everything is practically possible, there are no strict restrictions on products, only on their preparations. In this case, buying a multicooker helped me a lot. Steaming and various vegetable soups on it is much easier. As for weight loss, due to the fact that I adhered to this diet, I was able to lose weight by 9 kilograms per month, combining the diet with jogging on the track. I will strive for more results.

Anna, http://diet.neolove.ru/therapeutic_diets/meditsinskaja_dieta_5.html

Due to the large amount of drugs I had hepatitis, so the doctor strictly prescribed diet No. 5. I did not even think that it would help me lose weight! For six months I lost 15 kg. With this diet, it is forbidden to eat smoked, fried, salty, fatty, containing cocoa. It was not easy to give up your favorite foods, but it was motivated by the fact that they were simply impossible to eat.

The plus was that thanks to this diet, I discovered the right nutrition: the ability to replace harmful and high-calorie foods with healthy and low-calorie ones. And at the same time you have a fairly large selection of dishes. After recovery, many noted that I began to look better. Now I sometimes allow myself products from the forbidden list and got a little better.

Lada V., http://diet.neolove.ru/therapeutic_diets/meditsinskaja_dieta_5.html

I was so fed in the hospital after the operation. Now I eat the same dishes at home. Very satisfying, I do not feel hunger at all. And the result: - 7 kilograms in 20 days! And this is with bed rest, the complete absence of any load. As my doctor says: "there is nothing superfluous." Yes, I want a roll, pies, cheese sandwiches, pizza ... But when I get up on the scales, the desire to return to the old food system disappears. I advise everyone!

Anna, http://medknsltant.com/dieta-5-stol-mozhno-nelzya-tablitsa/#

At the moment I’m in the hospital, I came in for an ambulance, with an acute holicyst, with a full examination it turned out that I had plus stones in my gall bladder, I wasn’t fed for 4 days, three droppers were dripped at a time, and nothing died of starvation, since glucose was added to the droppers. Now I feel much better, and the 5th table was prescribed for me.

Irina, http://medknsltant.com/dieta-5-stol-mozhno-nelzya-tablitsa/#