The content of the article
XX century is called the time of antibiotics. After the discovery of penicillin in 1942, science rapidly began to synthesize all new drugs with antibacterial effects. Fluoroquinolones were an accidental discovery. They were obtained from antiprotozoal drugs (substances that suppress the vital activity of protozoa) - quinolones. The first drugs did not create the necessary concentrations in the blood, so for almost 20 years they have been used as urological antiseptics. Only in 1983, norfloxacin was obtained, which took a worthy place in the treatment of diseases of the genitourinary tract.
How does the drug work?
Nolitsin tablets are an antibiotic of norfloxacin, a representative of fluoroquinolones. It acts bactericidal. The mechanism is based on penetration into bacterial cells and prevention of protein synthesis. This is achieved by suppressing enzymes that interact with DNA. At the same time, the bacterium ceases to multiply and dies. The following pharmacological properties are characteristic of Nolitsin.
- Suction. It occurs quickly, but only 30-40% of the dose taken. The medicine reaches its maximum concentration in the blood one to two hours after the dose taken.
- Distribution. Poorly bound to plasma proteins, only 15%. The rest of the substance is in the tissues, where it creates the optimal concentration. The largest - in the kidneys and bile. A little less - in the prostate, bladder, testicles and ovaries, in the vagina. Penetrates through the placental barrier at a dose of 10%.
- Metabolism. Up to 80% is excreted unchanged. The rest is bound in the liver.
- Breeding. Leaves the body with urine, feces and bile. In renal failure, the half-life varies and depends on the severity of the condition.
The activity spectrum of the drug is the main group of pathogens of infectious diseases:
- staphylococcus;
- gonococcus;
- E. coli;
- chlamydia;
- shigella;
- cholera vibrio;
- hemophilic bacillus;
- yersinia;
- salmonella.
In what cases is it necessary ...
Indications for use include diseases that are caused by microorganisms sensitive to it:
- urinary tract infections - cystitis, urethritis, pyelonephritis;
- genital infections — gonorrheanon-specific cervicitis, endometritis;
- inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract - gastroenteritis caused by shigella, salmonella.
The use of Nolitsin tablets is indicated for the prevention of urinary tract infections, prevention of sepsis in patients with neutropenia, as well as for travelers' diarrhea.
... and when contraindicated
Like all quinolones, the drug is highly toxic. Therefore, it is necessary to study all contraindications:
- pregnancy;
- lactation;
- children and adolescents under 18 years old;
- impaired brain activity;
- deficiency of the enzyme G-6-FDH;
- allergy.
You can drink "Nolitsin" when planning a pregnancy, but during the period of gestation, safer drugs should be preferred. In experiments it was proved that in young animals it causes arthropathy - various erosions and vesicles on the surface of the joints. This has not been tested experimentally in humans, but children and adolescents during active growth, as well as pregnant and lactating women, are not prescribed. With menstruation, treatment with the drug is not interrupted.
Caution is necessary in the treatment of "Nolitsin" in the following conditions:
- cerebral arteriosclerosis;
- cerebrovascular accident;
- epilepsy;
- renal and liver failure.
Unwanted effects
If side effects of the drug appear, it must be canceled and switched to another. The manifestation of such effects may have the following form:
- digestive system - nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, an increase in liver enzymes;
- urinary system- glomerulonephritis, crystalluria, polyuria, the growth of urea and creatinine in plasma;
- nervous system- headache, dizziness, depression, depression, fatigue, insomnia, fainting;
- the cardiovascular system- violation of conduction with the development of arrhythmia, increased heart rate, drop in blood pressure;
- musculoskeletal system- arthropathy, tendovaginitis, tendon ruptures;
- hematopoietic system- neutropenia, a decrease in the number of leukocytes and hematocrit;
- immune responses- urticaria, itching, rash, swelling, malignant exudative erythema.
In women, long-term treatment leads to the side effect of "Nolicin" in the form of thrush (vulvovaginal candidiasis). Therefore, when using an antibiotic in therapy, for example, adnexitis (inflammation of the appendages), it is necessary to prevent fungal infections.
Changes in the blood picture also concern a violation of its coagulability, a decrease in the prothrombin index. Therefore, in patients with an alleged tendency to thrombosis, for example, with existing hemorrhoids, you need to control this indicator while taking Nolitsin.
Instructions for use "Nolitsin": pathologies and dosages
Treatment with "Nolitsin" is carried out depending on what caused the disease. The main indications and doses are shown in the table.
Table - Drug regimens
| Pathology | Dosage |
|---|---|
| Acute genital tract infections | 400 mg 2 times a day for 7-10 days |
| Genital infections | 400-600 mg 2 times a day for 7 days |
| Gonococcal infection | 800 mg single dose |
| Gastrointestinal infections | 400 mg 2 times a day 3-5 days |
| Sepsis prophylaxis | 400 mg 3 times a day for 8 weeks |
| Diarrhea of travelers | 400 mg a day before departure, while traveling, and 2 days after |
Compatibility with alcohol and other medicines: to drink or not to drink
Compatibility of "Nolitsin" with alcohol is doubtful. With this combination, the effect on the nervous system increases, the risk of manifesting undesirable effects is higher: dizziness, headache, impaired coordination of movements.
It is necessary to distinguish between the time of taking antacids, iron and zinc preparations. The time period must be at least two hours. Milk and yogurt enhance the absorption of norfloxacin, so you need to distinguish them by time of administration.
"Nolitsin" is able to cause photosensitivity (increased sensitivity to ultraviolet light). For the duration of treatment and some time after it, they stop visiting the solarium and sunbathe.
Treatment is carried out under the condition of sufficient fluid intake, for which diuresis is controlled. Analogues of the drug "Normax", "Norbactin"Have the same composition, so the application scheme will not be different. Reviews about the drug "Nolitsin" say that he deserves a place in the medicine cabinet.
Reviews
A worthy and effective drug in its group. Repeatedly proved its effectiveness in use in urological infections. And today it maintains sufficient efficiency and is not much inferior to its classmates. Value for money is good. Tolerance is satisfactory. Side effects are rare.
Maryasov A.S., Surgeon, https://protabletky.ru/nolicin/#otzivi
I encountered cystitis six years ago. For me it was a horror, who is not familiar with this disease will explain. Cystitis manifests itself in frequent and painful urination, it came to tears. While my mother didn’t give me Nolitsin, they brought me directly to work, because I couldn’t even get to the pharmacy) The problem generally requires going to the doctor! Ever since spring and autumn, cystitis has haunted me. Nolicin always helps out, with the advanced stage, when the pain is already felt, relief comes on the second day of taking the pills. If symptoms are only outlined, and immediately start taking, then the disease will not go into an unpleasant phase. Ideally, you need to take a course, as written in the instructions. Nolitsin tablets always helped me, I wanted to try others to drink, but so far I have not decided.
Monalisa http://otzovik.com/review_1496040.html
Loading...