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For the amazing similarity of the leaves of abutilon with maple, the plant was called "home maple". But this is not the only name of a Brazilian handsome. Stems of some types are used to produce durable fiber from which ropes and ropes are made. Therefore, popularly, a unique plant is often called a "rope".
Culture features
Abutilon is the flower grower's dream plant. It combines ease of care, rapid growth and beautiful long-term flowering. In its homeland, in Brazil, in Hawaii, in China or India, abutilon can reach 2–3 m. In the European climate, the rope is grown as a pot culture, since severe winters are fatal to it. He does not reach such high growth.
Home maple is represented by many species and varieties, which vary in leaf shape and color of inflorescences. Abutilones can have double flowers or simple ones. And their color can vary from white to cream, from yellow to deep orange, from pink to purple, from lavender to purple.
Decorative views
Approximately 200 plant species are considered to be of the genus rodentaceae. But most of them can not boast of decorativeness. Therefore, in indoor floriculture there are only a few representatives of the abutilones listed in the table.
Table - Types of abutilones and their characteristics
| Name | Plant height, m | Leaves | Flowers | Flowering time |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Grapevine | 1,5 – 2,5 | - Large, velvety; - consist of 3-5 blades; - sheet length - 15 cm; - edge of a sheet with sharp teeth | - Inflorescence of 3-4 bell flowers; - located on elongated pedicels; - lilac petals, blue with dark veins | May |
| Darwin | 1 | - The upper leaves are three-lobed; - lower ones consist of 5-7 blades; - sheet length can reach 20 cm | - In deciduous sinuses, 2-3 flowers are formed; - bright orange color of inflorescences complemented by red veins | April-September |
| Spotted (painted, striped) | 1,5 – 2 | - Branches slightly lignified; - heart-shaped leaf; - has 3-6 blades; - the edges are pointed; - white blotches on the edges give decorativeness | - Bells on long petioles; - golden inflorescences with red veins; - can be terry or simple | June – September |
| Hybrid (obtained by crossing Abutilon Darwin and Motley) | 1,5 | - Maple-shaped leaves, softly pubescent; - petioles of leaves about 12 cm | - Inflorescences resemble a bell (5 cm long); - color burgundy, red, white, golden, yellow | All year round |
| Bella | 0,4 – 0,6 | - The sheet is elongated, ovoid | - The flower is formed by 5 petals; - bell wide open; - color apricot, pink, red, orange | June |
Abutilon: care and needs
Even a beginner grower can grow a home maple. A native of Brazil has a complaisant disposition and does not require special conditions.Moreover, it is able to bloom year-round, if you know about some points. What nuances must be taken into account and how to care for abutilon in order to enjoy beautiful flowering all year long?
Lighting
The cable car is a big lover of light. He needs lighting all year round. Only in such conditions can it develop. If the Brazilian feels a lack of light, then most often it does not bloom. To provide the necessary lighting for abutilon, use these recommendations.
- Seat selection. Position the plant near light sources. It can even be placed on the south windows. Abutilone is able to withstand direct sunlight, but only in small quantities. Therefore, in the summer, in extreme heat, indoor maple is preferably shaded.
- Winter lighting. In winter, the handsome abutilon in European conditions does not have enough daylight. If you want to achieve constant flowering, give it a backlight.
- Fresh air. In summer, home maple can be taken out onto the terrace or balcony. Abutilon will enjoy fresh warm air. But you should not expose it to direct sunlight.
Temperature
Cable car develops better in cool conditions. Therefore, the plant is most often grown on a glazed balcony or in the winter garden. Some botanists claim that abutilone is able to withstand a short-term drop in temperature to 0 ° C. But it’s better not to create such shocking conditions. Indoor maple suitable conditions:
- summer - Abutilon can easily withstand temperatures of +20 ° C ... + 25 ° C;
- in winter - a significant decrease to +12 ° С ... + 15 ° С is required.
Watering
Abutilon is a big lover of water. Provide him with sufficient watering, and the handsome cable car will delight with its flowering all year round. But excess moisture, as well as deficiency, can destroy the plant. Abutilon will like these conditions.
- Watering. In summer, the plant is watered abundantly, but not poured. The soil should always be slightly damp. In winter, if the plant does not bloom, slight drying of the soil is permissible.
- Spraying. Bathing is not considered mandatory. Indoor maple can completely do without spraying. But a plant that receives regular irrigation grows healthier and stronger. Abutilon is especially in need of spraying in the winter, when the air is overdried by heating devices.
Top dressing
Abutilon grows very quickly and spends a lot of effort on its active development. Therefore, it needs top dressing. Although it can do without additional power. Florists give two tips.
- Regular feeding. Fertilizers begin to be applied in the spring and continue until late autumn. This procedure is repeated every 14-15 days.
- The right fertilizer. Abutilon suitable mineral fertilizers designed for flowering crops. For example, Pokon, Agricola, Emerald, Rainbow, Master. Before flowering, it is recommended to treat your green pet with organic top dressing - diluted bird droppings.
Transfer
Abutilon needs regular transplants. Such a procedure is started in early spring, in the first days of March. Experts advise transplanting indoor maple before new leaves appear. Correct transplantation consists of the following six steps.
- Pot preparation. In order for the culture to develop and grow, it is necessary to take a more capacious flowerpot. It is enough that the diameter of the pot is 2-3 cm larger than the previous one.
- Soil preparation. A Brazilian guest needs nutritious soil enriched with humus. To prepare the soil, mix the sheet soil, turf, peat, sand and humus. All components are combined in equal proportions. If you do not want to prepare the soil yourself, then stock up for your pet with universal soil.
- Plant preparation. Carefully remove the abutilon from the old pot. If possible, shake off the soil, but do not damage the root system.
- Drainage system. In a new pot on the bottom, put small pieces of polystyrene foam, pebbles or expanded clay.
- Planting a plant. Plant the plant very carefully and carefully straighten the roots. This will allow Abutilon to take root much faster and easier in a new pot. Water the plant abundantly.
- Follow-up care. The question always arises: how to care for abutilone (indoor maple) after transplantation? Florists say that there are no particularities in the care of a transplanted plant. Provide him with lighting, watering and periodic top dressing.
Pruning
Indoor maple grows very quickly and is able to turn into a tree in a year. To provide him with a beautiful appearance and form a crown, flower growers are advised to do pruning. This procedure is carried out twice a year, in the spring, before the start of the growing season, and in the fall, before “hibernation”. Trimming abutilon (indoor maple) is recommended as follows.
- Autumn pruning. When the plant is preparing for the dormant period, approximately in November, it is necessary to prune all the branches, forming a beautiful crown. If this is not done, then your pet will fill up most of the room very quickly.
- Spring pruning. During the winter, some branches can stretch out and knock out of the common crown. To return the Brazilian compactness, it is recommended to cut such shoots.
- Crown formation. In the spring, it is necessary not only to trim the long shoots, but also to properly pinch the abutilon. This is the only way to form a beautiful crown. Outline what size plant you would like to get, and carefully cut off everything above. Trim the side branches to form a stump. And if you want to enjoy the bush, then the side shoots should not be removed.
Breeding methods
The process of reproduction of abutilon is simple. To grow a new plant, flower growers root cuttings or plant seeds. The choice of method depends not only on personal preferences, but also on the characteristics of the Brazilian. Experts say that indoor maple with green foliage can be propagated in any way. And variegated varieties are able to take root only by means of cuttings.
Seeds
If you decide to practice growing abutilone from seeds at home, then planting material can be purchased at a flower shop. If there is already an indoor maple, then it is better to wait until the flowering ends and fruits similar to boxes appear. Seeds are carefully removed from them. Mature planting material turns black. Seeds should be "matured" in a dark place for one month. After that, they can be planted. The seed propagation procedure includes the following points.
- Seed preparation. Seeds are wrapped in a paper towel and moistened with water. To improve germination, you can add a growth stimulator. Fitosporin will do.
- Germination Features. Soaking lasts at least 12 hours. You can leave the seeds until long roots and green cotyledons appear. The better the seeds germinate, the more efficiently they will take root.
- Planting seeds. Future trees are planted in well-moistened soil in the same mixture as for an adult crop, to a depth of 5-6 mm.
- Pet care. The container is covered with glass or film. The soil is regularly ventilated and moistened, preventing drying.Pets need to provide + 20 ° C and adequate lighting. To improve the germination capacity of abutilones, it is recommended to water them with a solution of Energene. On the 14-25th day you can admire the first shoots.
- Diving seedlings. When three leaves appear on the plants, they can be dived, transplanted into separate pots. During the transplant, pay attention to the root. If he has a small number of side branches, then you need to pinch off half of the main rod to ensure proper development.
- Preparing for "adulthood". Young plants are covered again with a film. But from time to time it is removed, gradually accustoming abutilons to fresh air.
Cuttings
It is much easier to propagate this Brazilian by cuttings. Planting stock remains after pruning and crown formation. From such shoots, it is necessary to choose strong branches, which in the future will give healthy plants. The procedure for propagating abutilone by cuttings is quite simple.
- Preparation of cuttings. To prevent decay of future plants, all the lower leaves of the selected branches are removed. It is recommended to cut the tops with flowers or buds so as not to expose the additional depletion of the cuttings. It is enough to leave three to four internodes.
- Root formation. Prepared cuttings are dipped in a jar of water. After some time, roots will appear on the shoots. To accelerate this process, a growth accelerator can be poured into the water and the cuttings covered with a film, providing them with a greenhouse effect.
- Planting plants. When the root system is formed, the cuttings are planted in the ground. The planting process is exactly the same as the transplant of an adult plant.
Pests and possible diseases
Indoor maple can be safely classified as a hardy plant. He is able to put up with some inaccuracies in care for a long time and is rarely attacked by pests. But sometimes even he is affected by diseases, and parasitic insects attack. And in this case, the Brazilian needs timely and proper help. The table contains the basic rules for responding to changes in the state of the plant.
Table - Problems of abutilone and its treatment
| What's happening | What is the reason | Recommended treatment |
|---|---|---|
| The leaves of the plant turn yellow, dry, spots appear on the leaves | - The plant lacks trace elements | - Feed with complex mineral fertilizers |
| Brazilian loses leaves, buds, flowers | - The flower is exposed to sharp temperature changes; - improper watering is carried out (both waterlogging and lack of moisture are possible) | - Normalize the temperature; - gradually accustom to new conditions; - ensure sufficient watering (the soil must be moistened, but not flooded) |
| Abutilon leaves turn yellow and gradually turn brown | - The flower is in a too hot and dry room | - Find another, less hot place for the plant; - Strengthen the spraying of the crown; - provide adequate irrigation; - place water containers near the indoor maple |
| Abutilon does not bloom and leaves dry. | - The plant does not have enough light; - affected by improper watering (shortage or excess water); - transplantation rules are violated and the roots are injured | - Move the green pet closer to the light; - accustom the plant to a new place gradually - review the irrigation system; - if the roots have rotted, then carefully transplant the plant, cutting off all the decayed areas and sprinkling them with wood ash; - give time until the plant recovers; - provide regular top dressing and quality care |
| The leaves of home maple gradually turn pale and curl. | - The plant is faced with drafts; - the flower is cold; - excess watering led to rotting of the rhizome | - Correct the conditions of the "residence" of the Brazilian |
| Silver shine appears on the leaves, whitish dots on the underside | - attack thrips | - Increase the humidity in the room; - place an insect trap tape next to it; - treat with preparations: “Agravertin”, “Actellik”, “Karate”, “Confidor”, “Karbofos”, “Fitoverm” |
| The leaves of the plant turn yellow, a spider web appears on them | - A spider mite wound up | - Collect pests manually; - provide high humidity in the room; - Spray regularly; - carefully cut damaged sheets; - treat with preparations: “Fufanon”, “Agravertin”, “Neoron”, “Actellik”, “Fitoverm” |
When planning summer care for abutilone (cable car) in a pot, take this advice. Wrap the pot with foil. This will protect the root system from overheating and excessive drying of the earthen coma if the plant is on the southern windowsill.
Florist reviews
Butilon - indoor maple. Fell in love with this plant as soon as I saw it. I wanted to learn how to grow it myself. A very fertile plant, blooms almost all year round, is well grown from seeds, and also cuttings. There are low and tall species. A seedling of seeds has bloomed today.
Melisande https://www.forumhouse.ru/threads/150593/
My abutilon grew up at work. His flowers were not pink, but orange, the tree was large. Constantly was all in flowers. But there were also problems with the formation of the crown, and still tired of picking up faded inflorescences from the floor. I come to work and start cleaning. And then the aphid attacked him, I had to deduce, in short worries, trouble required a lot. Therefore, she joyfully presented it.
ru-ta-san, http://indasad.ru/forum/18-krasivotsvetuschie/1527-abutilon-komnatnyj-klen
I planted the seeds twice in February. In a wide flat dish, in moist soil, I just slightly buried the seeds at a distance of 2-5 cm, covered with a plastic bag and put on a warm battery. Sprayed daily. Shoots appeared within 5-7 days, now I began to take off the package in the afternoon and put the seedlings in the sun, again at night on the battery. When the 2nd pair of real leaves appeared, transplanted into pots. Abutilonchiki grow very quickly and bloom in mid-summer.
Statiana, http://indasad.ru/forum/18-krasivotsvetuschie/1527-abutilon-komnatnyj-klen
Abutilon can really be shaped like a tree. The plant will need support. To do this, cut off all the leaves and shoots to a height of about 50 cm, and then form a crown. This is not an easy task, since any pruning is a trauma for the plant, and growth retardation and reduced flowering are inevitable. All these operations are best done in the spring, when the plant begins to grow actively and can more easily endure injury. Help Abutilon with top dressing, spray the leaves with Epin.
Andrey (Green Line), https://www.greeninfo.ru/indoor_plants/abutilon_hybridum.html/Forum/-/tID/160
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